Top Gear

Top Gear

From Wikipedia.

Top Gear is an Emmy Award winning BBC television series about cars. The programme is estimated to have over 350 million viewers worldwide, 5 million of whom watch the programme each week in the UK. Top Gear is currently hosted by Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond and James May. It also features The Stig, an anonymous test driver. It is provocative, humorous and light-hearted in tone. The eighth series of Top Gear completed its run on 30 July 2006 with each episode available to view via the BBC website after its first broadcast. The ninth series was due to start airing on 8 October 2006, however this was delayed due to Richard Hammond's accident in September 2006.

A half hour version of the show is also aired on BBC World. Top Gear magazine is a publication produced by BBC Magazines which shares some contributors, editors and features with the TV show.

1977 to 2001

Top Gear started in 1977 and was presented by BBC newsreader Angela Rippon, although the show was initially not shown throughout Britain. Early presenters included Noel Edmonds, William Woollard, Peter Burgess and Chris Goffey. The programme was 30 minutes long.

Originally, Top Gear was a fairly conventional magazine show reviewing new car models and other car-related issues such as road safety, but it saw a massive boost in its audience in the early 1990s when it became a more humorous, controversial, and unashamedly petrolhead-oriented programme, fronted by Jeremy Clarkson. Among Clarkson's contemporary presenters were Quentin Willson, a former used car salesman, and racing drivers Tiff Needell and Vicki Butler-Henderson.

Despite enduring criticism that the show was overly macho, encouraged irresponsible driving behaviour, and ignored the environment, it became hugely influential with the motor manufacturers, since a critical word from the Top Gear team could have a severe negative effect on sales. One such example is the original Vauxhall Vectra about which Clarkson said: "I know it's the replacement for the Cavalier. I know. But I'm telling you it's just a box on wheels". However, even more critical statements have not affected sales of the Toyota Corolla, and extreme praise did not help the Renault Alpine GTA/A610.

Following Jeremy Clarkson's departure in 1999 the Top Gear audience fell from six million to under three million, resulting in the BBC's cancellation of the programme in 2001. One of the presenters brought in following Clarkson's departure was James May who would later become one of the three presenters of the present format. Channel Five bought the rights to Top Gear in 2002, so the show was moved over there, but the BBC refused to sell the rights to the name, Top Gear, so Five's show became Fifth Gear. After Top Gear's huge success in the mid-1990s, a number of similar programmes were also produced including Channel 4's Driven, ITV's Pulling Power and BBC World India's Wheels.

2002 to present

After a period of recording other programmes, Clarkson, along with producer Andy Wilman successfully pitched a new format for Top Gear to the BBC, and a new series began airing in 2002.

The new format incorporated a number of major changes. The show was lengthened to one hour and two new presenters were introduced: Richard Hammond and Jason Dawe. James May replaced Dawe after the first series. The Stig, an anonymous masked racing driver, was introduced as test driver. New segments were also added, including "Star in a Reasonably-Priced Car", the "Cool Wall", "Car News", "Power Laps" as well as numerous one-off features such as races, competitions and the frequent destruction of caravans in imaginative ways. The programme is filmed at Dunsfold Park, an active airfield in Surrey, where a custom race circuit was built and a large hangar is used for inside filming. A standing studio audience with whom the presenters interact was also included. With the start of the eighth series in 2006 a new 'presenter' joined the cast, a labradoodle dog named "Top Gear Dog". A regular joke on the program is that the presenter's aren't exactly sure what to do with her, as she gets sick in a moving car, and doesn't like May (Clarkson joked that Top Gear Dog vomited on May before the studio filming of the first episode she appeared in). The dog, a female genuinely called Top Gear or "TG" for short, belongs to Hammond, although, interestingly, Clarkson on the October 13th aired episode of QI also claimed to own a labradoodle. Series 9 was scheduled to air on BBC Two from 8 October and end "sometime in November". However, on 20 September 2006 Richard Hammond was seriously injured while driving a jet-propelled drag-racing car at 280+ mph for a feature for the show. On Sunday 24 September the BBC said: "It also confirmed the final part of the Best of Top Gear had been postponed indefinitely and the new series, due to begin on 8 October, will be delayed", and is not due to air until Richard Hammond is well enough to participate fully. Both the BBC and the Health and Safety Executive are carrying out their own internal enquiries. On 5 October, filming resumed on features for the new series that Richard was not involved with.

Production

The programme is filmed at the Dunsfold Park Aerodrome in Surrey. The studio is inside a hangar. The audience of up to 400 enthusiasts, who have applied to the BBC for free tickets, stand next to the presenters during the filming, allowing many opportunities for interaction. For the eighth series, the studio was remodelled, with more car-based props on display. The grounds of the airfield is used as the infamous Top Gear Test Track.

The show is noted for its striking cinematography and high production values

Theme music

Top Gear has used the Allman Brothers Band instrumental hit Jessica as its theme song for many years. Initially the show used part of the original artist's recording of the song, but later series of Top Gear use updated cover versions.

As part of a segment in the August 7, 2005 episode, James May recorded a version of Jessica using engine sounds from cars including a classic Bugatti, Mazda RX-8, Honda S2000, Fiat Nuova Panda, a single-cylinder dumper truck and an Enzo Ferrari. May's recording was played over the closing credits for that episode.

Nominations and awards

In November 2005, Top Gear won an International Emmy in the Non-Scripted Entertainment category. In the episode where the presenters showed the award to the studio audience, Clarkson explained that he was unable to go to New York to receive the award since he was too busy writing the script for that episode.

Top Gear has also been nominated three consecutive years, 2004-2006, for the British Academy Television Awards in the Best Feature category. Host Jeremy Clarkson was also nominated in the best "Entertainment Performance" category in 2006. In 2004 and 2005, Top Gear was also nominated for a National Television Award in the Most Popular Factual Programme category.

Criticism

Top Gear has come under fire on many occasions for promoting irresponsible driving, causing ecological damage, and favouring performance over fuel efficiency and conservation.

Jeremy Clarkson has spurred several controversies in his capacity as a presenter for Top Gear. During the November 13, 2005 episode a news segment featuring BMW's MINI Concept from the Tokyo Motor Show showcased what Richard Hammond quoted as a "quintessentially British" integrated tea set. Clarkson responded by mocking that they should build a car that is "quintessentially German." He suggested turn signals that displayed Hitler salutes, "a sat-nav that only goes to Poland" in reference to the Nazi invasion of Poland that ultimately started World War II, "und ein fanbelt that will last a thousand years," a reference to Adolf Hitler's propaganda slogan of "the thousand-year Reich". These statements gained negative attention in the British and German news media, such as the UK Daily Mail article which noted that the BBC would follow a formal investigation of any complaints made on the matter.

The BBC compensated a Bristol local parish in 2004 after Clarkson rammed a Toyota Hilux into a landmark treeduring a segment on proving the sturdiness and reliability of the truck through a series of torture tests. The parish had no idea the damage had been caused by a BBC television show until the item was aired, believing that it had been an accident or the work of vandals.

The road safety group Transport 2000 has asked the BBC to replace Top Gear with a tamer, more environmentally-friendly "Third Gear." The group's reasons for this demand include claims of "substantial ecological damage" to a peat bog during an off-roading segment and disregard for speed limits in another segment where Clarkson was cited by police. As noted by them: "It is irresponsible, outdated television designed to give comfort to boy-racers."

Top Gear was in negotiations to move to Enstone in northwest Oxfordshire, close to Clarkson's home in Chipping Norton, but has so far been unable to negotiate a deal after their initial application blocked due to opposition by local citizens because of fears that Top Gear would create pollution and noise.

Clarkson has been critical of the BBC. In the February 2006 issue of Top Gear Magazine, Clarkson voiced his opinion that the BBC did not take Top Gear seriously. He also appears to be annoyed with BBC bosses for often replacing the show with snooker, despite Top Gear having considerably higher viewer ratings, and the show's shortening series runs.

In July 2006 the BBC rejected a variety of complaints about issues Top Gear chooses and the way they are covered by Clarkson, Hammond and May. The BBC argued that their "provocative comments are an integral part of the programme and are not intended to be taken seriously." Regarding offensive remarks traded between presenters and members of the audience, the BBC said "this is part of the appeal of the show [and] we trust most viewers are familiar enough with the style and tone of the show not to take offence." The BBC pointed out that they would act if such statements and actions were carried out with any degree of seriousness or if the programme breached legal and safety requirements.

Segments

Races

The show has featured a number of races where Clarkson drives a car against other forms of transport, typically involving Hammond and May taking the same journey by combinations of plane, train, ferry or bus:

In all the above cases Clarkson in the car has won, albeit very marginally on some occasions.

Top Gear regularly reaffirms that the races do take place for real, and that many of the shots used in the film are then recorded over a few days by retracing the journey. In the case of the Bugatti Veyron race, the Stig drove the car back to Italy, although these shots are filmed so that it is not apparent that Clarkson is not driving. High production values meant that this 32-minute feature took 33 16-hour days to edit.

Other races have involved one of the presenters in a car against an athlete:

All of these races have been lost by the car, except where noted.

The team have also taken part in a race where Caterham Super Seven driven by the Stig leaves the factory in Caterham, Surrey and has to drive to Scotland's Knockhill Racing Circuit and cross the start/finish line before Clarkson, Hammond and May can build one from scratch in a pit garage at the side of the circuit and get it to the line. Clarkson, Hammond and May won because the Stig was arrested by the Fife police for speeding.

Presenter mocking

As well as amusing banter, argument and mockery with the studio audience, there is much between the presenters themselves. Each host's persona is paid almost as much attention as the cars they review.

Hammond is ribbed for being short and supposedly having had his teeth whitened, and was dubbed by Clarkson as Top Gear's "resident hamster". His work on daytime television following the launch of Richard Hammond's 5 O'Clock Show on ITV1 has brought on allegations of an interest in oddly-shaped vegetables along with subtle ribbing from Clarkson by dubbing him "Phillip Schofield" during the Top Gear Winter Olympic Special, and referring to a Hammond versus May competition as "daytime versus primetime."

May earned the nickname "Captain Slow" because of a comparatively slow driving style, his refusal to run on camera, and a tendency to lose any competition where speed is the measure of victory. Before transmission of May's documentary about sharks aired on Sky One, Clarkson presented a photograph of May in a wetsuit mocking his hair and the size of his penis.

Clarkson is noted for his inconsistent yet strong opinions and ego, as well as his terrible dress sense. The other presenters also made fun of his Ford GT, which he bought for £126,000 and which has continually broken down. He returned the car to Ford Motor Company for a refund, then later repurchased the car, and it appeared in the 27 November 2005 episode of the show. In May 2006, Clarkson admitted he had never completed a single round-trip journey in the car without breaking down. In the October 2006 issue of Top Gear magazine, James May alludes that Clarkson may be selling the GT for a Lamborghini Gallardo Spyder. The other presenters also alude to Clarkson's apparent need for 'power'.

Reviews

Top Gear normally reviews one new car, or group of cars, each week. They often take place in dramatic or interesting locations. Group tests normally involve the three presenters debating the merits and weaknesses of each car.

Star in a Reasonably-Priced Car

During most programmes, a celebrity – usually of British fame – is interviewed by Clarkson. Discussion is normally amusing, and focuses on car-related matters, such as the celebrity's car history. Then Clarkson, the guest and the studio audience watch the guest's fastest lap on the Top Gear test track. For the first seven series of its current incarnation, the car driven was a Suzuki Liana. The car used is stock, except a roll cage and racing seats have been added as safety measures. Each guest first practices with the Stig and is then allowed a number of attempts to make his or her way around the test track in the fastest time. However, the star doesn't learn of his or her lap time until they are interviewed, and guests are often visibly anxious awaiting their results while in the studio. Practice laps, crashes and the drivers' facial expressions are also shown for amusement.

The two slowest laps on the Liana celebrity list are held by Terry Wogan and the late Richard Whiteley, both of whom were beaten by completely blind Bosnia war veteran Billy Baxter, who wrenched the Liana through the track under directions from Clarkson in the passenger seat.

The Liana endured considerable abuse from the stars when undertaking their laps, often to the delight and amusement of the hosts and the audience. In one famous incident actor Michael Gambon clipped the final corner almost rolling the car. It was done in such a spectacular fashion that the corner was henceforth named "Gambon Corner". When Lionel Richie drove the car, one of the front wheels fell off. Trevor Eve also lost a wheel, invoking Clarkson to coin the term "pulling a Lionel." British transport minister Stephen Ladyman added further injury to the Liana by denting the boot when he lost control during practice and slid backwards into a tyre wall. David Soul managed to destroy the clutch of two Lianas during his time on the show due to his unfamiliarity with manual cars. Christopher Eccleston was the only celebrity to use a Liana with an automatic transmission, because a hesitant Eccleston admitted he was "only qualified to drive an automatic." To accommodate his needs, Top Gear succeeded in borrowing an automatic Liana, of which only 40 existed in the UK. As a reference to his role in Doctor Who, the automatic Liana was shown materialising onto the racing track, with a TARDIS materialisation sound effect played over it.

The Liana has also been modified on several occasions. David Soul's Lianas featured a red police light and a white stripe in reference to his Starsky and Hutch days. Johnny Vegas was provided with 'L' plates as he hadn't passed his driving test at the time. When Justin Hawkins came on the show, the Liana he drove had flame decals pasted on it. Actor Sanjeev Bhaskar had an ornate tissue box placed in the back, as a homage to Asian drivers.

In its service, the Liana covered 1600 laps of the circuit, and its tyres and brakes were changed 400 times.

In July 2005, a Formula One driver appeared on the show for the first time as the star. All Formula One drivers are put into their own list with regard to lap times because of their exceptional skill level. In addition, the Liana was pulled out from retirement to allow Jenson Button to make a time, and Clarkson noted that the Liana would be pulled out for use by Formula 1 drivers in the future.

Both Stigs, the original black Stig and the current white Stig had done laps around the track in the Suzuki Liana. Topping the list for the Liana was the white Stig (1:44.4) who took the car out during the 2nd episode of series 8.

Starting with the eighth series, the Liana was replaced by a Chevrolet Lacetti, with a new blank scoreboard. The format was changed so that each star would have five practice laps, and then a final timed lap, with no allowance being given for mishaps.

As a starter for the new car and format, an open day was held for any celebrity who wanted to take part. Seven stars recorded times that day: James Hewitt (who the presenters failed to recognise and called "well spoken man") comedians Alan Davies and Jimmy Carr, rock stars Rick Wakeman and Justin Hawkins, footballer Les Ferdinand, and actor Trevor Eve who topped the time at 1 minute 47.0 seconds. Jimmy Carr, who had held the record in the Liana until beaten by Ellen McArthur, spun out while doing his timed lap and got the slowest time ever around the track at 2 minute 8.91 seconds.

Power Laps

In the Power Laps segment, the Stig completes a lap around the Top Gear test track to gauge the performance of various cars.

The car raced by the Stig is usually a car that was reviewed by one of the presenters that episode, but sometimes it is a car reviewed from a previous programme. There are two separate lists, one for production cars and one for non-production cars.

There is a separate unofficial board of times for non-production car times. The qualifications for the normal Power Lap Board is that the car being tested must be a road-worthy car. For example, the Ariel Atom managed to squeak by onto the Power Lap board only because it could get over a speed bump.

(Click here to see the Power Lap Times)

The Cool Wall

The Cool Wall is a board where Clarkson and Hammond decide which cars are cool, and which aren't, and has nothing to do with how good or bad a car is. The categories are Sub Zero, Cool, Uncool, and Seriously Uncool. Initially, part of that coolness factor rested on the extent to which the presenters believed each car would impress English actress Kristin Scott Thomas. More recently, BBC newsreader Fiona Bruce has replaced Scott Thomas as their notional judge, after Kristin Scott Thomas said in a conversation with Clarkson that she owned a Honda Civic, which was deemed uncool, and preferred a red Bentley Continental GT over the Aston Martin DB9.

The Aston Martin DB9 was judged too cool for the whole wall: it was put in a little fridge called the DB9 Section. Since then, the Aston Martin V8 Vantage joined the DB9 (at least, until a footballer buys one). Another unusual judgment was the 2005 BMW 3 Series (E90): the presenters considered it was so ugly and just a "lump of car", so they decided they couldn't be bothered to put it on the wall.

There are some rules to the cool wall, although all seem to be flexible:

Clarkson often puts the cars at the top of the wall if Hammond disagrees with him, so that the much shorter Hammond cannot reach to change it. For the first time, on the November 27, 2005 programme, the presenters came to blows over the placement of a car on the Cool Wall (the BMW M6) and it led to Hammond eating part of the picture. The situation was reversed after Clarkson slipped two discs in his back, and was unable to bend low enough to reach Hammond's low-lying pictures. Hammond has been known to stand on a box to move an offending picture. Another occasion resulted in an actual fight between Clarkson and Hammond that lead into the audience.

After Clarkson placed an order for a new Ford GT, all the Ford vehicles on the board gradually progressed up towards 'Sub-Zero' after it was announced that Ford would be carefully selecting who received the small number of GTs sold in the UK. Clarkson's tactics worked, and he eventually purchased a Ford GT, which of course ended up as Uncool, on the grounds that Clarkson owns one.

Clarkson is also particularly fond of Alfa Romeo, once making the statement "You cannot be a true petrolhead until you've owned an Alfa. Until you've experienced that rollercoaster of pain, disappointment, and agony for that brief moment when everything works and you're on a nice road". As a result of this, a large number of the Alfas on the wall are grouped towards the "Cool" end. In 2005, The Alfa Romeo Brera's time came to the cool wall, and all three of the presenters agreed that it was not only the best looking car that money could buy, but Jeremy went as far as saying "I only have to imagine this in black, in tan leather, and I'm nursing a semi".

(Click here to see the Cool Wall)

Caravan destruction

Top Gear has a running joke about their hatred of caravans. Various stunts have seen caravans destroyed by:

Car of the Year

Each year, the show presents a "Car of the Year" for the best new car in that year. Winners have included:

Top Gear Survey

Every year, Top Gear conducts a survey which consults thousands of UK residents on their car-ownership satisfaction. While for legal reasons, the survey is now conducted via the magazine, the results are still used on the show. The survey which used to be done in conjunction with J.D. Power, is now conducted by Experian.

Criteria

The survey asks respondents to score cars on the following criteria:

Rankings

Based on the above criteria, here are best and worst ranked cars from the survey.